The second most common cause of renal artery stenosis?

The second most common cause of renal artery stenosis?

• A. Atherosclerosis
• B. Thromboembolism
• C. Vasculitis
• D. Fibromuscular dysplasia

Answer: (D)

Fibromuscular dysplasia is the second most common cause of renal artery stenosis. In adults, the leading cause is atherosclerosis, especially with vascular risk factors. Fibromuscular dysplasia is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory disease of the arterial wall that narrows the renal arteries, often producing multifocal stenoses with the classic “string of beads” appearance on angiography. It tends to affect younger women and typically responds well to angioplasty. Other causes like thromboembolism or systemic vasculitis exist but are much less common and usually come with additional clues such as involvement of other vessels or inflammatory symptoms.

Fibromuscular dysplasia is the second most common cause of renal artery stenosis. In adults, the leading cause is atherosclerosis, especially with vascular risk factors. Fibromuscular dysplasia is a non-atherosclerotic, non-inflammatory disease of the arterial wall that narrows the renal arteries, often producing multifocal stenoses with the classic “string of beads” appearance on angiography. It tends to affect younger women and typically responds well to angioplasty. Other causes like thromboembolism or systemic vasculitis exist but are much less common and usually come with additional clues such as involvement of other vessels or inflammatory symptoms.